How does proper soil drainage prevent overwatering damage?
Written by
Paul Reynolds
Reviewed by
Prof. Charles Hartman, Ph.D.Soil that drains well is the best thing to have to maintain a balance of moisture and oxygen for plant roots. Heavy, soggy, garden soil runs the risk of suffocating roots. On the other hand, a porous mix of soil structure will ensure water can pass through like it normally does in nature. It is similar to water flowing through volcanic rock or forest debris. It also prevents collar rot and the formation of fungal colonies.
Root Protection
- Creates air pockets for gas exchange
- Prevents anaerobic conditions causing root death
- Stops water from encircling stem bases
Disease Prevention
- Discourages pythium root rot spores
- Reduces gnats breeding in wet soil
- Limits mold growth on soil surface
Soil Composition
- Perlite provides lasting aeration
- Pumice adds mineral content
- Coarse sand improves drainage speed
- Bark chunks mimic forest floor texture
I rehabilitated a client's overwatered fiddle leaf fig by amending its potting mix with 35% perlite. Within three weeks, this plant accelerated root regeneration despite losing 60% of its roots. The presence of the perlite provided improved drainage and thus microenvironments that allowed the remaining roots to survive and proliferate.
To support proper drainage efficiency, perform a monthly inspection of your potting holes. Clear any compacted soils or other debris blocking the water's escape with a chopstick. For any plants outdoors, 2-3 inches of gravel can be placed under the root ball to help assist with drainage. These simple yet effective practices will also help prevent an unintended water logging situation during heavy rains.
Read the full article: 7 Key Signs of Overwatering Plants to Spot Early
