Why do orchid roots grow above the soil?

Published: November 25, 2025
Updated: November 25, 2025

Aerial orchid roots baffle many growers, but reveal healthy epiphytic development. These indana-silver green strands above the soil do the work of terrestrial roots in ways those roots cannot, and understanding what the aerial roots are meant to do prevents mistakes when handling the plants. The presence of the greedies is a good sign of strength in the parent orchid.

Atmospheric Harvesting

  • Absorb humidity directly from surrounding air
  • Capture nutrients from dust and rainwater
  • Develop velamen coating for moisture retention
  • Function independently of potting media

Photosynthetic Activity

  • Contain chlorophyll for energy production
  • Convert sunlight into growth energy
  • Contribute 30% of plant's total photosynthesis
  • Turn green during active light processing

Growth Indicators

  • Signal root congestion when densely clustered
  • Show dehydration through wrinkling
  • Reveal health status through color and plumpness
  • Predict repotting needs before leaf symptoms
Aerial Root Care Guide
ConditionHealthyAppearance
Plump, silver-green
Action RequiredNo intervention
ConditionDehydratedAppearance
Shriveled, grey
Action RequiredIncrease humidity/misting
ConditionOvercrowdedAppearance
Tangled mass
Action RequiredRepot into larger container
ConditionDamagedAppearance
Brown, mushy
Action RequiredSterilize and trim
*Based on horticultural observations

DO NOT BURY aerial roots. Suffocating them while repotting will cause instant death by rot. Beds of mildewy moss air spaces must be reconstructed, and the origins forcibly tutored into them. I tie some loose ones to the stakes with string, finding it more ornamental; it keeps them from hanging downwards.

Misting methods vary according to locality. Lights in arid climates may be lightly misted daily, but in damp localities, once a week is sufficient. Always use tepid rainwater or distilled water to avoid mineral deposits. With this very simple adjunct of dotage, my Orchids are doing well.

Aerial roots do require slightly different care than roots found in pots. They can tolerate direct sunlight but will need some protection from drying breezes or intense sunlight, so place your orchids where they will receive bright, indirect sunlight. Your plants will be able to utilize all of their photosynthetic capabilities safely.

Read the full article: Best Soil for Orchids: Expert Guide

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