What temperature range is ideal for broccoli harvesting?
Written by
Tina Carter
Reviewed by
Prof. Martin Thorne, Ph.D.Proper temperature management is important for the quality and timing of broccoli harvest. Broccoli plants prefer a range of 45-75°F (7-24°C), producing optimal flavor and texture. This range protects them from serious plant stress. During the harvest windows, I check the forecast daily, and extreme temperatures require immediate action.
The optimal temperature range for harvest is between 60-75°F. This peak in sugar conversion contributes to the sweetness. Due to the slow development of heads, harvest periods can be longer. I typically have 5-7 days after selective picking. The cooler air also helps retain crispness after cutting. This can be best achieved with morning harvesting.
Cold Protection
- Below 35°F: Cover plants with row covers or cloches
- Frost Warning: Harvest before temperatures drop below 25°F
- Cold Benefit: Light frost enhances flavor converting starches to sugars
Heat Management
- Above 80°F: Harvest immediately to prevent flowering
- Shade Solution: Install 30% shade cloth during heat waves
- Water Strategy: Increase irrigation to combat evaporation stress
Heat stress over 80°F causes quality to decline rapidly. Buds start to separate in hours. Heads develop yellow flowers, rendering the heads no longer edible. I have ice packs ready to cool the heads in the field. Heads need to be refrigerated within 30 minutes after harvest. This helps retain the remaining quality.
Microclimate management prolongs your harvest window. In the spring, plant next to the wall to utilize its thermal mass. Apply shade structures for afternoon hour protection. I have built windbreaks for my fall crops. These techniques can add 2-3 weeks to the production time. Document the annual impacts of microclimate.
Successfully implementing these temperature strategies is essential. Start by tracking forecasts 3 days ahead of harvest scheduling. Utilize soil thermometers, not air temperatures. Cool immediately after cutting. When the seasons change, adjust your harvest schedules accordingly. Your broccoli will offer consistent quality.
Read the full article: When to Harvest Broccoli: Essential Guide
