What is the typical growth timeline for corn?

Written by
Olivia Mitchell
Reviewed by
Prof. Charles Hartman, Ph.D.Corn progresses through distinct stages over time. From seed to harvest, it takes 65-110 days, depending on the type of plant. The cooler climate lengthens the cycle; warm sections see corn grow quickly. By understanding these phases, you can provide proper care at each one.
Germination Stage
- Begins after soil reaches 15°C (60°F)
- Shoots emerge 7-14 days after planting
- Requires consistent surface moisture
- Protect from birds with netting
Vegetative Growth
- Lasts 3-8 weeks depending on variety
- Plants develop 8-12 leaves
- Requires 2.5cm weekly watering
- Apply nitrogen fertilizer at knee-height
Reproductive Phase
- Tassels form signaling pollination start
- Silks appear needing wind transfer
- Critical 10-day window for ear formation
- Water needs increase to 4cm weekly
Pollination Timing. The success of a harvest is largely dependent on the timing of pollination. The tassels will shed pollen for just a few days, usually 5-7. Once the silks emerge, they must be pollinated within 24 hours. The possibility of this decreases in dry hot weather. Check your plants in the morning or when the humidity is high enough for the pollen to stick.
Environmental factors have a significant influence on the rate of growth. Below 15°C, soil slows the germination of seeds. Warm temperatures above 32°C can cause stress to plants, slowing their development. Plants growing in conditions of consistent moisture develop quickly than those in drought conditions. Finally, wind protection limits stalk damage.
Harvest readiness develops 18-24 days after silk emergence. Milky kernels indicate timing is good. Cool-weather varieties take longer to mature than the warm-weather kinds. Once the silks are brown, examine the ears daily and harvest in the cool of the morning.
Track growth using simple methods. Measure plant height weekly. Photograph development stages. Record weather impacts. Note the silk appearance dates. These practices help predict harvest timing accurately season after season.
Read the full article: How to Grow Corn Successfully at Home