What are signs my lawn needs aeration?
Written by
Benjamin Miller
Reviewed by
Prof. Samuel Fitzgerald, Ph.D.Compact lawns will show clear physical symptoms that there is a need for core aeration of the turf. The pooling of water on the surface of the ground after a rain shows that there is a lack of absorption capacity of the soil, which is a main indicator of compaction. A thinning turf cover while giving proper care indicates that the roots are having trouble obtaining the needed nutrients and oxygen. The screwdriver test is a good positive check that can be relied on: when it is hard to put the screwdriver in a depth of 10 cm (4 in.) it shows excessive density of the soil. The above condition will usually appear first in the highly-trafficked areas such as paths or playgrounds. If these early symptoms are noted, the destruction of the grass will not be as serious as it otherwise would be.
Hydration Abnormalities
- Puddles form after moderate rain due to impaired drainage.
- Water runoff increases noticeably on slopes despite adequate irrigation.
- Soil surface develops cracking during dry periods.
Vegetative Distress
- Grass loses density despite fertilization and proper mowing.
- Weeds like crabgrass proliferate in thinning areas.
- Turf develops spongy feel from excessive thatch accumulation.
The screwdriver resistance test provides quantitative evidence of compaction. Attempt to insert a standard screwdriver in several locations on the lawn. If the screwdriver penetrates more than 7 or 8 cm, it indicates moderate compaction, while if it does not penetrate 10 cm, the compaction is severe and needs immediate attention. This test should be conducted in critical areas at least once every three months. Soil probes will give more accurate measurements. They require special tools, which are usually unavailable to the homeowner.
The zones at pedestrian traffic centers, such as children's play areas or paths for pets, exhibit signs of compaction first because they are constantly under pressure. These areas exhibit distinctive compaction patterns, which the wear on the grass and soil displacements can recognize. These heavily trafficked areas can be compared with the infrequently used sections of the lawn to determine the extent of the difference in the degree of damage. Such comparisons will provide a clearer idea of the treatment that should be given to areas, while also conserving labor and expense. The fence rows and shaded places are frequently free from compaction and should be used as control areas.
Neglecting the signals of compaction gives rise to progressive turf decline. Water runoff exacerbates fertilizer pollution in our waterways and starves the grassroots. Thatch layers exceeding 1.25 cm in thickness create a barrier to moisture and air exchange. Pests and diseases of the turf become more prevalent. Early treatment bodes well for the turf, restoring porosity and biological activity within 4-6 weeks after treatment.
The impact of compaction is addressed through core aeration, yielding quantifiable results within several weeks. Water penetration is improved 40% to 60% and pooling is eliminated. The density of the grass will also show visible improvement in the next growth cycle as the roots will be able to reach subsurface supplies. Yearly treatment will perpetuate these effects with the gradual elimination of maintenance factors. This positive approach yields resilient lawns that withstand environmental challenges with increased success.
Read the full article: 10 Benefits of Lawn Aeration Explained
