How is homegrown tea processed?

Published: May 19, 2025
Updated: May 19, 2025

Making your homegrown tea is a process that changes the fresh leaves into highly aromatic teas. For my first batch of tea to be successful, I had to be mindful of the timing, and I picked the leaves in the early morning (ideally before 9 am), I wilted them in the shade for 8 hours. Oxidation levels are the main factor in the determination of tea; [0% = green tea, 30-70% = oolong tea, and 100% = black tea]. I learned to use bamboo trays for drying the tea, they allow for good airflow and scent while drying.

Initial Preparation

  • Wilt leaves in shaded, ventilated areas for 6-12hrs
  • Gently roll leaves to bruise edges (release enzymes)
  • Sort stems and debris using mesh screens

Oxidation Control

  • Green tea: Steam/pan-fry immediately to halt oxidation
  • Oolong: Ferment in 75°F (24°C) for 2-8hrs
  • Black tea: Full oxidation in humid conditions for 72hrs

Final Drying

  • Oven-dry at 250°F (121°C) for 20mins
  • Dehydrator method: 135°F (57°C) for 4hrs
  • Sun-dry only in low-humidity regions (<40% RH)
Tea Type Processing Guide
Tea TypeGreenOxidation Level
0%
Key StepSteam within 2hrs of harvest
Tea TypeOolongOxidation Level
30-70%
Key StepPartial fermentation
Tea TypeBlackOxidation Level
100%
Key Step72hr oxidation
Based on Fujian and Darjeeling traditions

Local variations of methods occur, for example, while Japanese growers are steaming the leaves to produce sencha, Chinese producers pan-fire the tea to create dragon well . I learned from my mentor in Taiwan to oxidize oolong leaves in woven baskets, flipping the leaves every hour. When dry, store the tea in glass jars with silica packets; my tea from 2022 maintains its flavor after more than 18 months since its production.

Mold Prevention

  • Dehumidify drying area below 50% RH
  • Use food-grade fans for airflow
  • Discard any leaves with white fuzz

Flavor Fixes

  • Bitter tea: Reduce oxidation time by 25%
  • Flat taste: Increase rolling intensity
  • Grassy notes: Extend wilting by 3hrs

Three years (of experimentation) helped to refine the method that I used. A batch I made in 2021 was compromised; since then, I have learned to never skip the wilting process because unevenly dried leaves often create musty flavors. I now use (the) hygrometers to calculate fermentation times and document air, leaf humidity, and temperature changes for each batch for consistency.

Read the full article: How to Grow Tea at Home Successfully

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