Do heirloom plants produce lower yields?

Although heirloom crops give less yield, I have repeatedly contended that it may be a myth. However, some studies have shown otherwise; the yield potential of a crop is entirely dependent on growing conditions. Heirlooms can also yield results comparable to those of commercially available hybrids. An example is that my Brandywine tomatoes yield 20-30 lbs regularly on plants that equate well with the commercially available hybrids. My Cherokee beans, given the proper spacing, are also plentiful. The secret is knowing what each variety needs and giving them the treatment they both expect and deserve.

The greatest variation in yield is attributed to soil preparation. I mix 3 inches of compost into the soil before planting and incorporate mycorrhizal fungi. These techniques will establish a living soil ecosystem capable of strong growth. Vegetation can easily have nutrient lockout if you don't test your pH at least annually. Heirloom plants respond exceptionally well to this preparation, as you will see in the side-by-side experience with hybrids.

Regional adaptation has provided natural advantages to our food systems. The Minnesota Midget melon, for example, is an heirloom variety that thrives in cold climates, where hybrid varieties often fail, because it has adapted to the regional climate over generations of selection. Over the last twenty years, I have put a lot of weight on varieties that are documented to succeed in my local growing area. These valued varieties are adapted and recognized for their pest resistance, requiring less intervention, which enhances food production.

The correct spacing alters the yield potential. When plants are too close together, they compete for light and space, which results in lower productivity. For example, my Cherokee beans spaced at 6 inches produced twice the number of pods as those in a crowded row. Additionally, growing tomatoes on a trellis enhances air circulation around the plants, which can help reduce disease. These easy adjustments will help heirloom varieties achieve their genetic yield potential and approach the level of commercial varieties.

Utilize properly adapted types and proper growing methods. Record yield data each year to determine your best yielding varieties. Within two seasons, you will have your own productivity system that will demonstrate your heirlooms can produce just as well as hybrids. Your backyard will be overflowing with diverse and abundant harvests that are more efficient than growing commercially, while preserving the agricultural heritage.

Read the full article: Heirloom Seeds Definition: Core Insights