Can garlic survive winter underground?
Written by
Michael Sullivan
Reviewed by
Prof. Martin Thorne, Ph.D.Garlic's survival through winter is based on variety selection and protective measures. Hardneck types have a natural ability to withstand freezing temperatures. Softnecks thrive better in less severe cold weather. The garlic's depth and insulation will dictate how well it survives. I have successfully grown garlic through the winter, even during polar vortex situations!
Planting Depth
- Hardneck varieties: 3-4 inches minimum
- Softneck varieties: 2-3 inches maximum
- Measure from clove tip to soil surface
Mulch Requirements
- Apply 6 inches of straw immediately after planting
- Use shredded leaves as alternative insulation
- Replenish after heavy snow or wind loss
Temperature Thresholds
- Hardneck tolerates -30°F (-34°C) with protection
- Softneck survives down to 0°F (-18°C)
- Soil temperature must stay below 40°F (4°C)
Utilize protective measures during extreme cold snaps. Use temporary row covers when temperatures drop below -10°F (-23°C). Add a layer of extra snow around beds to provide natural insulation. Prohibit walking on planted areas to prevent soil compaction. I use wooden planks for pathways.
Regional changes improve survival through the winter. Fall planting is earlier for Northern gardeners. Less mulch is needed in the South due to the mild winter protection, wind barriers for mountainous areas. As a Minnesota gardener, I use burlap windbreakers to protect my garden from the Northwest winds. Coastal areas require suitable drainage to prevent rot and other damage.
In areas where winters are harsh, spring planting provides an alternative. Refrigerate the whole cloves at 32 to 40°F (0 to 4°C) for 6 to 8 weeks, then plant them immediately after the ground thaws. This effectively vernalizes them for spring planting. I have had success with this method, especially in winters with unpredictable weather.
Read the full article: When to Plant Garlic Perfectly
